Abel whittook



UNETED ABEL wnrrrocx, orynANBURY, CONNECTICUT.

OVEN.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 58,5222, dated October2, 1866.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ABEL WHITTCCK, of Danbury, in the county ofFairlield, in the State of Connecticut, have invented a new and usefulImprovementin Ovens; and .l do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a verticalcross-sectionot my oven, and Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of the same. Y

The nature of my invention consists in covering the baking-chamber of myoven with a jacket or reverberator, which prevents a too rapid ow of theheated air and products of combustion over the surface of the walls'ofthe baking-chamber, and also prevents, in a great degree, the absorptionof heat by the outer walls of the structure, and in a correspondingdegree increases the amount of heat utilized in the baking-chamber.

That others skilled in the art may understand the nature and operationof my invention, I will particularly describe it.

A is the chamber, in which the baking process is performed. lt may becomposed of metallic plates, or made in any other suitable way. Thechamber Ais placed in the midst of a larger chamber, B, and surroundedon all sides except one by a'space between the walls of A and B. Throughthis space the heated air and products of combustion pass from thefire-box at C to the flue at D, thereby surrounding and bathing thebaking-chamber. But experience has proved that the upper part of abaking-chamber so constructed usually fails. to become as hot as thelower part, which receives the draft of heated air sooner than the upperpart, and therefore utilizes more of its caloric. The inclosing wallsalso absorb a large portion of the heat, and more, probably, at the topthan at the bottom in proportion to the amount passing over thesurfaces.

By enveloping the upper portion of the baking-chamber in a jacket, E, asrepresented, I find the heat within the baking-chamber to beequalized-that is, it is as great at the upper part as at the lower.This phenomenon is in consequence of the isolation of the real inclosingwall surrounding the ripper part of the baking-chamber, for when theoven is in use the draft of hot air asccuds between the walls of A andthe wall E, while behind E is a nonabsorbent stratum of air, also hot,which is in effect motionless. Instead of heat then being .absorbed andcarried away by the wall E, it is reverberated upon the wall ofthebakingeham` ber, which does absorb it and conveys it to the space withinthe oven where it is utilized.

The valve F affords a more ready draft into the nue, and is intendedtobe used only when the lire is being kindled. The front ot: thebaking-chamber is closed by a door in the usual way.

The jacket E should be composed of thin metallic plates, and flueDpenetrates lthrough it, so that when the valve F is closed there can beno egress for the products ot' combustion except through the spacebetween the walls A and E.

Having described my invention, what Iclairn as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, 1s

The jacketor reverberator E, in combination with the baking-chamber ofan oven, substantially in `the manner and for the purpose set forth.

ABEL WHITTDGK.

Witnesses L. H. BoUCHToN, THECDCRE MCDoNALD.

